AKT1
AKT1 belongs to a family of serine-threonine protein kinases which also includes AKT2 and AKT3. AKT1 plays a key role in multiple cell processes, including growth, proliferation, survival, and angiogenesis. AKT1 acts as a downstream mediator of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) (Figure 1).
Figure 1. Schematic of the MAPK and PI3K pathways. Growth factor binding to receptor tyrosine kinase results in activation of the MAPK signaling pathway (RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK) and the PI3K pathway (PI3K-AKT-mTOR). The letter "K" within the schema denotes the tyrosine kinase domain.
Last Updated: June 1, 2012
AKT1 Mutations in Breast Cancer
Somatic mutations in AKT1 have been found in a fraction of breast cancers (see Table).
| Gene Mutation | Invasive Breast Cancer | Hormone Receptor Positive (ER+ and/or PR+) Invasive Breast Cancer | HER2 positive Invasive Breast Cancer | Triple-negative Invasive Breast Cancer |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AKT1 | 4% (O'Brien et al. 2010) | 3.2% (Stemke-Hale et al. 2008) | <1% (Stemke-Hale et al. 2008)a | <1% (Stemke-Hale et al. 2008)a |
a small sample size <100 patients
Last Updated: August 8, 2012
AKT1-Associated Breast Cancer Clinical Trials
Great effort was made to include all clinical trials relevant for this mutation. However, the completeness of this information cannot be guaranteed.
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