Overview

Location [1]
6q22.1
Pathways
Kinase fusions, Receptor tyrosine kinase/growth factor signaling
Protein [2]
Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase ROS
Synonyms [1]
c-ros-1, MCF3, ROS

ROS1 (ROS proto-oncogene 1, receptor tyrosine kinase) is a gene that encodes the proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase ROS protein, a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) of the insulin receptor family. ROS1 fusions have been described in glioblastoma (PMID: 2827175; PMID: 2352949; PMID: 12661006), non-small cell lung cancer (PMID: 18083107), and cholangiocarcinoma (PMID: 21253578). ROS1 fusions containing an intact tyrosine kinase domain possess oncogenic activity (PMID: 12661006PMID: 18083107). Signaling downstream of ROS1 fusions results in activation of cellular pathways known to be involved in cell growth and cell proliferation.

ROS1 is altered in 4.22% of all cancers with lung adenocarcinoma, cutaneous melanoma, breast invasive ductal carcinoma, colon adenocarcinoma, and melanoma having the greatest prevalence of alterations [3].

ROS1 GENIE Cases - Top Diseases

The most common alterations in ROS1 are ROS1 Mutation (3.56%), ROS1 Fusion (0.29%), ROS1 Amplification (0.17%), ROS1 Loss (0.12%), and ROS1-CD74 Fusion (0.05%) [3].

ROS1 GENIE Cases - Top Alterations

Biomarker-Directed Therapies

Significance of ROS1 in Diseases

Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma +

Malignant Solid Tumor +

Melanoma +

Colorectal Carcinoma +

Cancer +

Bladder Carcinoma +

Lung Carcinoma +

Head And Neck Carcinoma +

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma +

Breast Carcinoma +

Prostate Carcinoma +

Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma +

Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma +

Mucosal Melanoma +

Endometrial Carcinoma +

Malignant Uterine Neoplasm +

Urothelial Carcinoma +

Adenocarcinoma Of The Gastroesophageal Junction +

Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma +

Malignant Central Nervous System Neoplasm +

Cervical Carcinoma +

Ovarian Carcinoma +

Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma +

Hepatocellular Carcinoma +

Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma +

Lung Adenocarcinoma +

High Grade Ovarian Serous Adenocarcinoma +

Soft Tissue Sarcoma +

Gastric Adenocarcinoma +

Renal Cell Carcinoma +

Gallbladder Carcinoma +

B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma +

Bile Duct Carcinoma +

Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma +

Pancreatic Carcinoma +

Mesothelioma +

Multiple Myeloma +

Histiocytic And Dendritic Cell Neoplasm +

Bronchogenic Carcinoma +

References

1. Hart R and Prlic A. Universal Transcript Archive Repository. Version uta_20180821. San Francisco CA: Github;2015. https://github.com/biocommons/uta

2. The UniProt Consortium. UniProt: a worldwide hub of protein knowledge. Nucleic Acids Research. 2019;47:D506-D515.

3. The AACR Project GENIE Consortium. AACR Project GENIE: powering precision medicine through an international consortium. Cancer Discovery. 2017;7(8):818-831. Dataset Version 8. This dataset does not represent the totality of the genetic landscape; see paper for more information.

4. All assertions and clinical trial landscape data are curated from primary sources. You can read more about the curation process here.