This research is being done because these viruses have been shown to shrink tumours in
animals and human tumour samples by selectively killing cancer cells and creating an immune
response to the tumour antigen contained in the viruses. This effect has been shown to
increase when the AdMA3 virus is given first. It is not clear if this treatment will offer
better results than standard treatment.
The purpose of the first phase of this study (phase I) is to find the dose of a new therapy,
the MG1 Maraba/MAGE-A3 (MG1MA3) virus that can be given alone and in combination with the
Adenovirus/MAGE-A3 (AdMA3) virus. In the first part of the study, patients may receive the
Maraba virus, the Adenovirus or both viruses. To identify the highest safe dose of the Maraba
virus alone or in combination the study will start at a dose lower than the one that does not
cause side effects in animals. Participants are given one or both of these therapies and are
watched very closely to see what side effects they have and to make sure the side effects are
not severe. If serious side effects are seen in patients at the first dose level, doses of
MG1MA3 may be lowered in subsequent patients. If the side effects are not serious, then more
potential participants are asked to join this study and are given higher doses. This will
continue until the maximum feasible dose level is reached or one of the lower doses is found
that causes serious but temporary side effects. Doses higher than that will not be given.
Inclusion Criteria:
- PHASE I: Patients must have histologically confirmed, unresectable locally
advanced/metastatic solid tumour with positive expression of MAGE-A3 (primary or
metastatic lesion) and for which there is no known life prolonging standard therapy.
- PHASE II: Patients must have histologically confirmed, unresectable locally
advanced/metastatic solid tumour with positive expression of MAGE-A3 (primary or
metastatic lesion) as follows:
1. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) specifically adenocarcinoma and squamous cell
carcinoma.
2. Breast cancer
3. Esophageal/GEJ cancer/gastric
- In phase II patients may be treated before refractory, such as while stable post
treatment response to first line therapy.
- Presence of clinically and/or radiologically documented disease. At least one site of
disease must be unidimensionally measurable by CT with IV contrast as follows:
- Chest x-ray ≥ 20 mm
- CT scan (with slice thickness of ≤ 5 mm) ≥ 10 mm-->Longest diameter
- Physical exam (using calipers) ≥ 10 mm
- Lymph nodes by CT scan ≥ 15 mm -->Measured in short axis
- All radiology studies must be performed within 14 days prior to registration (within
21 days if negative).
- Patients must have at least one additional tumour mass amenable to core needle or
excisional biopsy (Note FNA is not acceptable) that is not a measurable lesion that
will be used as a target lesion. Patients must consent to and be willing and able to
undergo at least two core needle biopsies of that lesion.
- Age ≥ 18 years
- ECOG performance status of 0 or 1
- Patients must have received at least one prior standard first line regimen for
advanced or metastatic disease. The regimen may have been cytotoxic chemotherapy,
targeted therapy, hormonal therapy (for e.g. anastrozole) or immunotherapy providing
considered a standard first line therapy. There is no limit to the number of prior
regimens but investigators and their patients should carefully consider the likelihood
of benefit of an immunologic therapy in heavily pretreated patients.
- For phase II, patients may be enrolled prior to disease progression, provided they
have completed their first line therapy as below and they have documented stable
disease on two consecutive tumour assessments (i.e. do not have evidence of tumour
regression from therapy):
- NSCLC patients may be entered after a minimum of 4-6 cycles of first line
combination chemotherapy; if the patient is >70 years a single agent regimen is
acceptable. If the patient has documented EGFR or ALK mutations, treatment they
may have received may include an EGFR inhibitor or ALK inhibitor as first line
therapy.
- Breast cancer patients may be entered after a minimum of 6 cycles of first line
therapy.
- Patients with metastatic/recurrent esophageal carcinoma may be entered after
first line chemotherapy for metastatic disease.
- Washout period between last day of prior treatment and planned start of treatment is
the longest of one of the following:
- two weeks
- standard cycle length of prior regimen
- 10 half-lives for investigational drugs.
- 30 days since last dose of ipilumumab or PR1/PDL1 therapy.
- Patients must have recovered from any treatment related toxicities prior to
registration (unless grade 1, irreversible and considered not clinically significant).
Progression must be documented post radiotherapy if was given to the only site of
measurable disease.
- Patients may have had prior radiation therapy. A minimum of 28 days (4 weeks) must
have elapsed between the last dose of radiation and date of registration (14 days for
a single palliative fraction of radiation to a non-target lesion). Patients must have
recovered from any acute toxic effects from radiation prior to registration (unless
grade 1, irreversible and considered not clinically significant).
- Previous surgery is permitted. A minimum of 28 days (4 weeks) must have elapsed
between any major surgery and date of registration (7 days for minor surgery),
provided that wound healing has occurred.
- Laboratory requirements done within 7 days prior to registration:
- WBC ≥ 3.0 x 10^9/L
- absolute neutrophils ≥ 1.5 x 10^9/L
- platelets ≥ 75 x 10^9/L
- INR ≤ 1.2
- bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x UNL (upper normal limit)
- AST and ALT ≤ 3.0 x UNL or ≤ 5.0 x UNL if patient has liver metastases
- serum creatinine ≤ 1.5 x UNL or creatinine clearance ≥ 60ml/min
- serum phosphate > 0.8mMol/L (grade 0-1)
- Patient consent must be appropriately obtained in accordance with applicable local and
regulatory requirements. Each patient must sign a consent form prior to registration
and prior to tests which are considered to be study specific
- Patients who cannot give informed consent (i.e. mentally incompetent patients, or
those physically incapacitated such as comatose patients) are not to be recruited into
the study. Patients competent but physically unable to sign the consent form may have
the document signed by their nearest relative or legal guardian. Each patient will be
provided with a full explanation of the study before consent is requested.
- Patients must be accessible for treatment and follow up. Patients registered on this
trial must be treated and followed at the participating centre.
- Pre-treatment biopsy must be done within 5 working days after registration and
treatment is to begin within 5 working days of the pre-treatment biopsy (max. 10
working days from registration).
Exclusion Criteria:
- Patients with a history of other active or current malignancies that require active
treatment
- Patients with known symptomatic brain metastases. Patients with treated and radiologic
or clinical evidence of stable brain metastases, are eligible providing that they have
been stable for at least 3 months, are asymptomatic and do not require corticosteroids
(must have discontinued steroids at least 1 month prior to entry).
- Patients receiving concurrent treatment with other anti-cancer therapy or other
investigational agents.
- Patients who have had prior treatment with AdVAC, MG1MA3 or any MAGE-A3 targeted
therapy.
- Pregnant or lactating women. Men and women of childbearing potential who do not agree
to use adequate contraception (hormonal or barrier method of birth control;
abstinence) prior to study entry and for the duration of the study participation.
- Serious illness or medical condition which would not permit the patient to be managed
according to the protocol, including, but not limited to:
1. History of significant neurologic or psychiatric disorder (e.g. uncontrolled
psychotic disorders) which would impair the ability to obtain consent or limit
compliance with study requirements.
2. Active uncontrolled or serious infection (viral, bacterial or fungal) or a
history of opportunistic infection associated with an immunodeficient state.
3. Significant immunodeficiency due to underlying illness (e.g. known HIV/AIDS)
and/or medication (e.g. systemic corticosteroids).
4. Known myeloproliferative disorders requiring systemic therapy.
5. Other medical conditions that might be aggravated by study treatment.
- Patients with uncontrolled pre-existing cardiovascular conditions and/or symptomatic
cardiac dysfunction.
- Patients with household contacts meeting any of the following criteria are ineligible
for study entry unless alternate living arrangements can be made:
1. Women who are pregnant or nursing an infant
2. Children < 12 months old
3. Anyone with significant immunodeficiency due to underlying illness (e.g.
HIV/AIDS) and/or medication (e.g. systemic corticosteroids)
- Use of anti-viral medication, steroids, immunosuppressive agents (cyclosporine,
interferon) or immunization (including the flu shot) within 14 days prior to
registration. Use of anti-viral, anti-platelet, or anti-coagulation medication that
cannot be discontinued within 14 days of enrollment.
- Patients with disease/tumour invading a major vascular structure (e.g. carotid
artery), tumour related impending bowel obstruction or clinically significant and/or
rapidly accumulating ascites, pericardial or pleural effusions.
- Patients with conditions likely to have resulted in splenic dysfunction (e.g.
splenectomy, sickle cell anemia, radiation to the spleen ≥ 20Gy, congenital
asplenism).
- Patients with ≥ grade 2 dyspnea and/or requirement for supplemental oxygen. Patients
with important pulmonary disease must complete a 6 minute ambulation test with O2
states ≥ 90% to be eligible