Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients must have histologically or cytologically confirmed non-small cell lung
             cancer (NSCLC) that is advanced/metastatic (stage IIIB/IV) or recurrent (progression
             after surgery or radiation or chemo-radiation treatment for loco-regional disease)

          -  Be willing to provide tissue from a newly obtained core or excisional biopsy of a
             tumor lesion; newly-obtained is defined as a specimen obtained up to 6 weeks (42 days)
             prior to initiation of treatment on day 1; subjects for whom newly-obtained samples
             cannot be provided (e.g. inaccessible or subject safety concern) may submit an
             archived specimen only upon agreement from the sponsor; at least 4 mm of tumor tissue
             will be needed for programmed cell death-ligand (PD-L1) staining

          -  Patients who have received up to two previous lines of systemic chemotherapy are
             eligible for this trial

          -  At least one measurable lesion as defined by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid
             Tumors (RECIST) version (v)1.1 on screening computed tomography (CT) or magnetic
             resonance imaging (MRI)

          -  Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 2

          -  White blood cell count (WBC) > 2,500 cells/mcL

          -  Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >= 1,500/mcL

          -  Platelets >= 100,000/mcL

          -  Hemoglobin >= 9 g/dL

          -  Total bilirubin =< 2.0 x upper limit of normal (ULN)

          -  Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase
             [SGOT])/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase [SGPT])
             =< 2.5 x ULN Or =< 5 x ULN in presence of liver metastases

          -  Creatinine within normal institutional limits OR creatinine clearance > 50 mL/min for
             patients with creatinine levels above institutional normal

          -  Potassium >= lower limit of normal

          -  Women of child-bearing potential and men must agree to use adequate contraception
             (hormonal or barrier method of birth control; abstinence) for the duration of study
             participation and for 4 weeks after the final administration of study drugs; should a
             woman become pregnant or suspect she is pregnant while participating in this study,
             she should inform her treating physician immediately

          -  Ability to understand and the willingness to sign an Institutional Review Board
             (IRB)-approved informed consent document

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Known active (untreated) central nervous system (CNS) metastases that require
             steroids; subjects with CNS metastases who have completed a course of therapy would be
             eligible for the study provided they are clinically stable for at least 4 weeks before
             study entry, defined as:

               -  No evidence of new or enlarging CNS metastasis or new neurological symptoms
                  attributable to CNS metastases

               -  Asymptomatic and receiving either no or stable doses of anticonvulsants and no
                  corticosteroids for the 4 weeks prior to study entry

          -  Current or previous other malignancy within 2 years of study entry, except cured basal
             or squamous cell skin cancer, superficial bladder cancer, prostate intraepithelial
             neoplasm, carcinoma in situ of the cervix, or other noninvasive or indolent malignancy
             without sponsor approval

          -  History of previous exposure to an anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 agent

          -  Patients receiving any other investigational agents and or more that two different
             chemotherapy regimens for treatment of metastatic disease

          -  Has had prior chemotherapy, targeted small molecule therapy, or radiation therapy
             within 2 weeks prior to study day 1 or who has not recovered (i.e., =< grade 1 or at
             baseline) from adverse events due to a previously administered agent

               -  Note: Subjects with =< grade 2 neuropathy are an exception to this criterion and
                  may qualify for the study

               -  Note: If subject received major surgery, they must have recovered adequately from
                  the toxicity and/or complications from the intervention prior to starting therapy

          -  History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic
             composition to pembrolizumab, paclitaxel or carboplatin

          -  Current uncontrolled cardiac disease such as angina or myocardial infarction,
             congestive heart failure including New York Heart Association functional
             classification of 3, or arrhythmia requiring treatment

          -  History of pneumonitis or active lung infection

          -  Chronic or current active infectious disease requiring systemic antibiotics,
             antifungals, or antivirals

          -  Patients receiving chronic steroids and or immunosuppression

          -  Known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, hepatitis B virus (HBV) or
             hepatitis C virus (HCV) viremia or at risk for HBV reactivation; HBV deoxyribonucleic
             acid (DNA) and testing for HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA) must be undetectable; at risk
             for HBV reactivation is defined as hepatitis B surface antigen positive or
             anti-hepatitis B core antibody positive

          -  History of autoimmune disease(s)

          -  Psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study
             requirements

          -  Any other condition or circumstance that could interfere with adherence to the study's
             procedures or requirements, or otherwise compromise the study's objectives such as
             history of, or any evidence of active, non-infectious pneumonitis

          -  Has an active infection requiring systemic therapy

          -  Pregnant women are excluded; breastfeeding should be discontinued prior to study entry