This is a multicenter, open-label, Phase 1/2 study to determine the recommended dose and
regimen of durvalumab in combination with lenalidomide (LEN) with and without dexamethasone
(dex) in adults with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM).
The study will consist of a dose-finding phase as well as a parallel dose-expansion phase to
determine the optimal regimen.
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The study was placed on full clinical hold by the United States (US) Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) on 05 Sep 2017. The decision by the FDA was based on data from
non-Celgene-sponsored studies related to risks of anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1),
pembrolizumab, in combination with immunomodulatory agents. As the result, the study was
closed for further enrollment, and all subjects were discontinued from all study treatments
(durvalumab, lenalidomide and dexamethasone). All subjects are being followed for second
primary malignancies (SPMs), every 6 months for 5 years after the last subject has been
enrolled as per protocol. After stopping data collection in the clinical database, any SPM
events will continue to be recorded in the subject's source documents, and reported to
Celgene Drug Safety.
The dose-finding phase will determine recommended dose (RD) for durvalumab in combination
with lenalidomide (LEN) with and without dexamethasone (dex) in a 28-day treatment cycle.
Three treatment Cohorts (A, B, and C) will be enrolled in parallel:
- Cohort A: durvalumab + LEN + dex in high risk transplant non-eligible (TNE) newly
diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) participants;
- Cohort B: durvalumab + LEN + dex (dex for up to 12 cycles) in ≥ 65 years old TNE NDMM
participants who are not high risk;
- Cohort C: durvalumab + LEN as maintenance in post-transplant high risk NDMM
participants.
Based on experience with durvalumab for other indications, the initial dose of durvalumab
will be 1500 mg for each treatment cohort. The dose of durvalumab might be de-escalated to
750 mg level.
The dose of LEN will be 25 mg (adjustable per the creatinine clearance [CrCl] value) on Days
1 to 21 of each 28-day treatment cycle for participants in Cohort A and B. The dose of LEN
will be 10 mg on Days 1 to 21 of each 28-day treatment cycle for participants in Cohort C.
The dose of dex will be 40 mg/day (for participants ≤ 75 years old) or 20 mg/day (for
participants > 75 years old) on Days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of a 28-day cycle for Cohort A and
Cohort B (for up to 12 cycles).
Initially, 6 participants will be enrolled into each cohort and each will receive 1500 mg
durvalumab.
The dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) evaluation period will be the first treatment cycle.
- If ≤ 1 of the 6 initial participants experience a DLT within the first cycle, then the
dose expansion phase may be initiated with durvalumab 1500 mg as the recommended dose
(RD);
- If 2 or more of the 6 initial participants experience a DLT within the first cycle, then
the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) has been exceeded and de-escalation to durvalumab 750
mg level after review of safety and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/Pd) of the
initial 6 participants by the Dose Review Team (DRT).
Any of the cohorts may be removed from the study based on emerging PK, Pd, efficacy or safety
data.
Dose de-escalation will only occur after review of safety (DLT) and possibly PK/Pd data by
the Dose Review Team ( DRT).
Note: In the US, two treatment arms (A and B) will be enrolled in parallel. Cohort C will
enroll upon completion of at least 4 cycles of follow-up for safety assessment of Cohorts A
and B.
Inclusion Criteria:
- Subjects must satisfy the following criteria to be enrolled into the study:
1. Subject is ≥ 18 years of age at the time of signing the informed consent form
(ICF)
2. Subject must understand and voluntarily sign an ICF prior to any study-related
assessments/procedures being conducted
3. Subject is willing and able to adhere to the study visit schedule and other
protocol requirements
4. Subject must have documented diagnosis with previously untreated (for cohort C,
the induction and consolidation treatment along with the first autologous stem
cell transplantation (ASCT) are allowed), symptomatic multiple myeloma (MM) as
defined by the criteria below:
MM diagnostic criteria (all 3 required);
- Monoclonal protein present in the serum and/or urine
- Clonal bone marrow plasma cells ≥10% or biopsy-proven bony or extramedullary
plasmacytoma
- Any one or more of the following myeloma defining events:
1. one or more of the following Myeloma-related organ dysfunction (at least one of the
following);
- (C) Calcium elevation (serum calcium >11.5 mg/dl )(>2.65 mmol/L)
- (R) Renal insufficiency (serum creatinine >2 mg/dl)(177 µmol/L or more) or creatinine
clearance < 40 ml/min
- (A) Anemia (hemoglobin <10 g/dL or >2 g/dL below the lower limit of laboratory normal)
- (B) Bone lesions (lytic or osteopenic) one or more bone lesions on skeletal
radiography, computed tomography (CT), or positron emission tomography-computed
tomography (PET-CT)
2. one or more of the following biomarkers of malignancy:
- Clonal bone marrow plasma cell percentage ≥60%
- Abnormal serum free light-chain ratio ≥100 (involved kappa) or < 0.01 (involved
lambda)
- >1 focal lesions detected by functional imaging including PET/CT and/or whole body
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
AND have measurable disease by protein electrophoresis analyses as defined by the
following:
- Immunoglobulin G (IgG) MM: Serum monoclonal paraprotein (M-protein) level ≥ 1.0 g/dl
or urine Mprotein level ≥ 200 mg/24 hours
- Immunoglobulin A (IgA) MM: Serum M-protein level ≥ 0.5 g/dl or urine M-protein level ≥
200 mg/24 hours
- Immunoglobulin M (IgM) MM (IgM M-protein plus lytic bone disease documented by
skeletal survey plain films): Serum M-protein level ≥ 1.0 g/dl or urine M-protein
level ≥ 200 mg/24 hours
- Immunoglobulin D (IgD) MM: Serum M-protein level ≥ 0.05 g/dl or urine M-protein level
≥ 200 mg/24 hours
- Light chain MM: Serum M-protein level ≥ 1.0 g/dl or urine M-protein level ≥ 200 mg/24
hours
5. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0, 1, or 2
6. Females of childbearing potential (FCBP) must:
a. Have two negative pregnancy tests as verified by the investigator prior to starting
study treatment. She must agree to ongoing pregnancy testing during the course of the
study, and after end of study treatment. This applies even if the subject practices
true abstinence from heterosexual contact.
b. She must either commit to true abstinence from heterosexual contact (which must be
reviewed on a monthly basis and be source documented) or agree to use, and be able to
comply with, effective contraception without interruption, 28 days prior to starting
study treatment, during the study therapy (including dose interruptions), and for 90
days after discontinuation of study treatment.
c. Refrain from egg cell and blood donation for 90 days after the final dose of
durvalumab.
7. Male subjects must :
a. Practice true abstinence (which must be reviewed on a monthly basis) or agree to
use a condom during sexual contact with a pregnant female or a FCBP while
participating in the study, during dose interruptions and for at least 90 days
following study treatment discontinuation, even if he has undergone a successful
vasectomy.
b. Refrain from sperm and blood donation for at least 90 days after the final dose of
durvalumab.
8. For Cohort A subject must be transplant non-eligible (TNE) and meet at least one of
the following high risk factors:
a. Cytogenetic abnormalities finding in malignant myeloma clone with t(4; 14); and /
or del(17p); and / or 1q amplification; and / or t(14:16); or
b. International Staging System (ISS) Stage III; or
c. Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) > 2*ULN (upper limit of normal).
9. For Cohort B subject must be ≥ 65 years of age at the time of signing the informed
consent form (ICF) and transplant non-eligible (TNE); excluding the subjects who meet
the Cohort A criteria.
10. For Cohort C subject must be after first autologous stem cell transplantation
(ASCT) for NDMM and meet the following criteria:
1. Have a post-transplant response as Partial response (PR) or better at the time of
enrollment to this study;
2. Have one of the following high risk factors at the time of NDMM diagnosis;
- Cytogenetic abnormalities finding in malignant myeloma clone with t(4; 14); and / or
del(17p); and / or 1q amplification; and / or t(14; 16); or
- ISS stage III; or
- Serum LDH > 2*ULN;
c. Minimal residual disease (MRD) positive (defined as more than 1 malignant cell in
105 cells) measured by ClonoSIGHT™NGS assay of a BMA sample) at the time of enrollment
to this study; BMA sample collected at the time of multiple myeloma diagnosis, prior
to induction therapy available for central MRD assessment by ClonoSIGHT™NGS assay
Exclusion Criteria:
- The presence of any of the following will exclude a subject from enrollment:
1. Previous treatment with anti-myeloma therapy (does not include radiotherapy,
bisphosphonates, or a single short course of steroid (ie, less than or equal to
the equivalent of dexamethasone 40 mg/day for 4 days; such a short course of
steroid treatment must not have been given within 14 days of Cycle 1 Day 1), for
Cohort C, the induction and consolidation treatment along with the first
Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) are allowed)
2. Any of the following laboratory abnormalities:
1. Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) < 1,000/μL
2. Untransfused platelet count < 75,000 cells/μL
3. Serum aspartate aminotransferase/serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase
(SGOT/AST) or alanine aminotransferase (SGPT/ALT) > 2.5*upper limit of
normal (ULN)
4. Serum total bilirubin > 1.5*ULN or > 3.0 mg/dL for subjects with documented
Gilbert's syndrome
5. Corrected serum calcium >13.5 mg/dL (> 3.4 mmol/L)
3. Renal failure requiring hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis
4. Any serious medical condition that places the subject at an unacceptable risk if
he or she participates in this study. Examples of such a medical condition are,
but are not limited to, subject with unstable cardiac disease as defined by:
cardiac events such as myocardial infarction (MI) within the past 6 months, NYHA
(New York Heart Association) heart failure class III-IV, uncontrolled atrial
fibrillation or hypertension; subjects with conditions requiring chronic steroid
or immunosuppressive treatment, such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis
and lupus, that likely need additional steroid or immunosuppressive treatments in
addition to the study treatment
5. Peripheral neuropathy ≥ Grade 2
6. Primary AL (immunoglobulin light-chain) amyloidosis and myeloma complicated by
amyloidosis
7. Prior history of malignancies, other than MM, unless the subject has been free of
the disease for ≥ 5 years with the exception of the following non-invasive
malignancies:
1. Basal cell carcinoma of the skin
2. Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin
3. Carcinoma in situ of the cervix
4. Carcinoma in situ of the breast
5. Incidental histologic finding of prostate cancer (T1a or T1b using the TNM
[tumor, nodes, metastasis] clinical staging system) or prostate cancer that
is curative
8. Subjects is positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); chronic or active
hepatitis B or active hepatitis A, or C
9. Subject had prior exposure to immunotherapy, including, but not limited to, other
anti- CTLA-4,anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody or inhibitor, cell-based
therapies, or cancer vaccines
10. Subjects has history of organ or allogeneic stem cell transplantation
11. Subjects who have had clinical evidence of central nervous system (CNS) or
pulmonary leukostasis, disseminated intravascular coagulation, or CNS multiple
myeloma, or plasma cell leukemia
12. Known or suspected hypersensitivity to the excipients contained in the
formulation of durvalumab, lenalidomide, or dexamethasone
13. Major surgery (as defined by the investigator) within the 28 days prior to the
first dose of study treatment
14. Received prior treatment (for any reason)with a monoclonal antibody within 5
half-lives of initiating study treatment
15. Use of any investigational agents within 28 days or 5 half-lives (whichever is
longer) of initiating study treatment
16. Current or prior use of immunosuppressive medication within 14 days prior to the
first dose of study treatment. The following are exceptions to this criterion:
1. Intranasal, inhaled, topical or local steroid injections (eg,
intra-articular injection);
2. Systemic corticosteroids at physiologic doses not to exceed 10 mg/day of
prednisone or equivalent;
3. Steroids as premedication for hypersensitivity reactions (eg, computed
tomography (CT) scan premedication);
17. Active or prior documented autoimmune or inflammatory disorders (including
inflammatory bowel disease (eg, colitis, Crohn's disease], diverticulitis with
the exception of a prior episode that has resolved or diverticulosis, celiac
disease, irritable bowel disease, or other serious gastrointestinal chronic
conditions associated with diarrhea; systemic lupus erythematosus; Wegener's
syndrome [granulomatosis with polyangiitis); myasthenia gravis; Graves' disease;
rheumatoid arthritis; hypophysitis, uveitis) within the past 3 years prior to the
start of treatment. The following are exceptions to this criterion:
1. Subjects with vitiligo or alopecia;
2. Subjects with hypothyroidism (eg, following Hashimoto syndrome) stable on
hormone replacement; or
3. Subjects with psoriasis not requiring systemic treatment;
18. History of primary immunodeficiency
19. Subject has incidence of gastrointestinal disease that may significantly alter
the absorption of LEN
20. Receipt of live, attenuated vaccine within 30 days prior to the first dose of
durvalumab
21. Unable or unwilling to undergo protocol required thromboembolism prophylaxis(for
Cohort C, this will be only for the subjects who have a history of VTE)
22. Females who are pregnant, nursing or breastfeeding, or intend to become pregnant
during the participation to the study
23. Any significant medical condition, laboratory abnormality, or psychiatric illness
that would prevent the subject from participating in the study
24. Any condition including the presence of laboratory abnormalities, which places
the subject at unacceptable risk if he/she were to participate in the study
25. Any condition that confounds the ability to interpret data from the study
