Clinical Trials /

A Phase II Study of Pembrolizumab as Post-Remission Treatment of Patients ≥ 60 With AML

NCT02708641

Description:

This study evaluates the effect of pembrolizumab on the duration of remission in acute myeloid leukemia. Pembrolizumab is given after complete remission is obtained in those with AML at least 60 years old who are not candidates for allogeneic stem cell transplant. The primary purpose of this study is determine if the time to relapse can be extended. Additionally, the safety and tolerability of pembrolizumab will be closely monitored.

Related Conditions:
  • Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Recruiting Status:

Completed

Phase:

Phase 2

Trial Eligibility

Document

Title

  • Brief Title: A Phase II Study of Pembrolizumab as Post-Remission Treatment of Patients ≥ 60 With AML
  • Official Title: A Phase II Study of Pembrolizumab as Post-Remission Treatment of Patients ≥ 60 With Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Who Are Not Transplantation Candidates

Clinical Trial IDs

  • ORG STUDY ID: 15-101
  • NCT ID: NCT02708641

Conditions

  • Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Interventions

DrugSynonymsArms
pembrolizumabKeytrudaAML patients

Purpose

This study evaluates the effect of pembrolizumab on the duration of remission in acute myeloid leukemia. Pembrolizumab is given after complete remission is obtained in those with AML at least 60 years old who are not candidates for allogeneic stem cell transplant. The primary purpose of this study is determine if the time to relapse can be extended. Additionally, the safety and tolerability of pembrolizumab will be closely monitored.

Detailed Description

      Patients >60 years old with AML often have a dismal prognosis. Even though many of these
      patients are able to obtain a Complete Response to treatment, relapse occurs in the vast
      majority of patients. Transplants may reduce relapse rates in this population, but is only
      feasible in a minority of patients. AML's immunosuppressive microenvironment in general and
      PD-1/PD-L1 upregulation in particular appears to increase the risk of relapse. Importantly,
      PD-1 and its ligands are particularly increased after therapy compared to initial diagnosis.
      As such, PD-1 inhibition with pembrolizumab offers to limit leukemic cell immune escape,
      thereby allowing the patient's immune system to eradicate the submicroscopic residual disease
      and reducing relapse rates.

      Treatment for this study is 200 mg Q3W as an appropriate dose for the switch to fixed dosing
      is based on simulations performed using the population PK model of Pembrolizumab showing that
      the fixed dose of 200 mg every 3 weeks will provide exposures that 1) are optimally
      consistent with those obtained with the 2 mg/kg dose every 3 weeks, 2) will maintain
      individual patient exposures in the exposure range established in melanoma as associated with
      maximal efficacy response and 3) will maintain individual patients exposure in the exposure
      range established in melanoma that are well tolerated and safe.
    

Trial Arms

NameTypeDescriptionInterventions
AML patientsExperimentalpembrolizumab 200 mg given IV once every three weeks
  • pembrolizumab

Eligibility Criteria

        Inclusion Criteria:

          -  be willing and able to provide written informed consent for the trial

          -  be ≥ 60 years of age on day of signing informed consent

          -  have a newly diagnosed AML based on the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria,
             currently in first complete remission (CR) on a bone marrow biopsy performed within 4
             weeks of treatment initiation

          -  have received the last dose of induction or consolidation chemotherapy within 3 months
             of treatment initiation

          -  not be eligible for or willing to proceed with allogeneic stem cell transplant or for
             whom allogeneic stem cell transplant is not considered standard of care

          -  have a performance status of ≤ 1 on the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG)
             Performance Scale

          -  demonstrate adequate organ function, with all screening labs performed within 10 days
             of treatment initiation

          -  transfusion independent (no red blood cell or platelet transfusions in the preceding 2
             weeks of screening)

          -  negative urine and/or serum pregnancy test

          -  subjects of reproductive potential must agree to use acceptable birth control method

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  have a diagnosis of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL) as defined by the WHO

          -  currently participating in or has participated in a study of an investigational agent
             or device within 4 weeks of treatment initiation

          -  have a diagnosis of immunodeficiency or are receiving systemic steroid therapy or any
             other form of immunosuppressive therapy within 7 days prior to treatment initiation

          -  have prior monoclonal antibody within 4 weeks prior to study Day 1 or have not
             recovered from adverse events due to agents administered more than 4 weeks earlier

          -  have prior chemotherapy, targeted small molecule therapy, or radiation therapy within
             2 weeks prior to study Day 1 have not recovered from adverse events due to previously
             administered agent(s)

          -  have a known additional malignancy that is progressing or requires active treatment
             except for basal cell carcinoma of the skin, squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, or
             in situ cervical cancer that has undergone potentially curative therapy

          -  have known active central nervous system (CNS) involvement

          -  have an active autoimmune disease requiring systemic treatment within the past 3
             months

          -  has a history of (non-infectious) pneumonitis that required steroids or current
             pneumonitis

          -  have an uncontrolled, life-threatening active infection

          -  have a history or current evidence of condition, therapy, or laboratory abnormality
             that would preclude study participation in the opinion of the treating investigator

          -  have known psychiatric or substance abuse disorders that would interfere with
             cooperation with the trial requirements

          -  is pregnant or breastfeeding, or expecting to conceive or father children within the
             projected duration of the trial

          -  have received prior therapy with any antibody targeting the T-cell co-stimulation or
             checkpoint pathways

          -  have a known history of HIV

          -  have known active Hepatitis B or Hepatitis C

          -  have received a live vaccine within 30 days prior to treatment initiation
      
Maximum Eligible Age:N/A
Minimum Eligible Age:60 Years
Eligible Gender:All
Healthy Volunteers:No

Primary Outcome Measures

Measure:Time to Relapse (TTR)
Time Frame:Up to 24 months
Safety Issue:
Description:Time to recurrence of AML, including only deaths related to recurrence. Relapse of AML is defined as patients reaching remission (bone marrow contains <5% blast cells, blood cell counts return to within normal limits, no signs disease) followed by a return of leukemia cells in the marrow and a decrease in normal blood cells.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Measure:Overall Survival (OS)
Time Frame:Up to 48 months
Safety Issue:
Description:The length of time from date of start of treatment that patients are still alive.

Details

Phase:Phase 2
Primary Purpose:Interventional
Overall Status:Completed
Lead Sponsor:Michael Boyiadzis

Last Updated

August 10, 2021