Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Signed and dated informed consent form, and willingness and ability to comply with the
             requirements of the protocol;

          2. Men or women with rectal cancer, age ≥ 18 and <75 years;

          3. Histologically documented adenocarcinoma of the rectum. All other histologic types are
             excluded. A biopsy of the rectal primary tumor must be available (between 1-4), with
             tumor representation > 50% in each sample. The samples will be sent to Val d'Hebron
             Institute of Oncology (VHIO) for molecular determination. The blocks of the biopsies
             will be sent included in paraffin.

          4. Rectal cancer candidate for R0 resection with preservation of the rectal sphincter.

          5. Tumors with the following characteristics on high-resolution thin-slice (3 mm) MRI:

               1. mrT3

               2. Tumors of the middle third, defined as tumors whose distal edge is ≤ 12 cm of the
                  anal verge or below the peritoneal reflection and above ≥ 2 cm of the anorectal
                  junction.

               3. Absence of MRF invasion, defined as a distance ≥ 1 mm between the tumor and the
                  fascia;

          6. Absence of mutations in KRAS (mutations in KRAS exon 2 [codons 12/13], exon 3 [codons
             59/61] and exon 4 [codon 117/146], NRAS (NRAS exon 2 [codons 12/13], exon 3 [codons
             59/61] and exon 4 [codons 117/146]), BRAF (exon 15 [codon 600] and PI3KCA in exons 9
             and 20

          7. ECOG performance status ≤ 2;

          8. Hematological status:

               -  Neutrophils (ANC) ≥ 1.5 x 109/L;

               -  Platelets ≥ 100 x 109/L;

               -  Hemoglobin ≥ 9 g/dL;

          9. Adequate renal function: serum creatinine <1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN);

         10. Adequate liver function:

               -  Serum bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x ULN,

               -  Alkaline phosphatase < 5 x ULN,

               -  AST/ALT < 3 x ULN;

         11. Regular monitoring feasible;

         12. In women of childbearing potential, a negative serum pregnancy test within 1 week (7
             days) before the start of study treatment;

         13. Women must commit to using reliable and appropriate methods of contraception for up to
             at least six months after the end of the study treatment (when applicable). Men with a
             partner of childbearing potential must agree to use a method of contraception and
             their partners must use another contraceptive method for the duration of the trial.
             Sexual abstinence will be accepted as a contraception method, with the duration and
             considerations stablished by the investigator

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Mucinous adenocarcinoma.

          2. N2 lymph node involvement, defined as: 4 or more lymph nodes in the mesorectum showing
             morphological signs of metastatic involvement on MRI. A lymph node is considered
             malignant when:

               1. Short axis > 9 mm.

               2. Short axis 5-9 mm and ≥2 of the following criteria:

                  i Rounded appearance. ii Heterogeneous margin. iii Heterogeneous signal
                  intensity.

               3. Short axis < 5 mm AND round shape AND heterogeneous margin AND heterogeneous
                  signal intensity.

          3. Extramesorectal lymph node involvement: an involved extramesorectal lymph node is
             defined as a lymph node in the obturator area with a short axis > 8 mm, round shape
             and heterogeneous signal..

          4. Prior treatment with panitumumab or cetuximab;

          5. Preexisting permanent neuropathy (grade ≥ 2 NCI-CTCAE);

          6. Concomitant antitumor treatment not foreseen in the protocol (e.g., chemotherapy,
             targeted molecular therapy, immunotherapy);

          7. Treatment with any other investigational medicinal product within the 28 days prior to
             study entry;

          8. Other simultaneous or prior malignancy, except: i) properly treated uterine cervix
             carcinoma in situ, ii) basal or squamous cell skin carcinoma, iii) cancer in complete
             remission for a period > 5 years;

          9. Evidence of metastatic disease in additional studies or in the physical examination;

         10. Any other severe and uncontrolled nonmalignant disease, major surgery or traumatic
             injury in the last 28 days;

         11. Pregnant or breastfeeding women;

         12. Patients with known allergy to any excipient of the investigational products;

         13. Clinically significant cardiovascular disease, including myocardial infarction,
             unstable angina, symptomatic congestive heart failure or cardiac arrhythmia in the
             year before randomization in the study.

         14. Intestinal occlusion: In the case of intestinal occlusion, patients may be enrolled in
             the study after performing a derivative stoma.

         15. Interstitial Lung Disease