Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients must have histologic evidence of high risk acute myeloid leukemia defined as
             one of the following:

               -  Primary refractory non-M3 AML

                  ** Evidence of leukemia after any therapy which, in the opinion of the
                  investigator, would be appropriate for therapy with OPB-111077 and decitabine

               -  Newly diagnosed non-M3 AML not eligible for intensive induction chemotherapy

          -  Subjects must have an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of
             2 or less

          -  Subjects must have a life expectancy of at least 4 weeks

          -  Subjects must be able to consume oral medication

          -  Subjects must have recovered from the toxic effects of any prior chemotherapy to <
             grade 1 (except alopecia)

          -  Creatinine =< 2.0mg/dL

          -  Total bilirubin =< 2 x upper limit of normal (ULN)

          -  Serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) alanine aminotransferase (ALT) =< 2 x ULN

          -  Negative pregnancy test for women with child-bearing potential

          -  Patients must be able to sign consent and be willing and able to comply with scheduled
             visits, treatment plan and laboratory testing

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Subjects with FAB M3 (t(15;17)(q22;q21)[PML-RARalpha]) are not eligible

          -  Subjects must not be receiving any chemotherapy agents (except hydroxyurea);
             intrathecal methotrexate and cytarabine are permissible

          -  Subjects must not be receiving growth factors, except for erythropoietin

          -  Subjects with a "currently active" second malignancy, other than non-melanoma skin
             cancer, carcinoma in situ of the cervix, resected incidental prostate cancer (staged
             pT2 with Gleason score =< 6 and postoperative prostate-specific antigen [PSA] < 0.5
             ng/mL), or other adequately treated carcinoma-in-situ are ineligible; patients are not
             considered to have a "currently active" malignancy if they have completed therapy and
             are free of disease for >= 1 year

          -  Subjects with uncontrolled high blood pressure, unstable angina, symptomatic
             congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association [NYHA] class 3), myocardial
             infarction within the past 6 months or serious uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmia are not
             eligible

          -  Subjects with other severe concurrent disease which in the judgment of the
             investigator would make the patient inappropriate for entry into this study are
             ineligible

          -  Subjects must not have evidence of active leukemia in the central nervous system (CNS)

          -  Subjects must not have received any investigational agents within 30 days of study
             entry

          -  Subjects must not be pregnant or breastfeeding; pregnancy tests must be obtained for
             all females of child-bearing potential; pregnant or lactating patients are ineligible
             for this study; males or women of childbearing potential may not participate unless
             they have agreed to use an effective contraceptive method (defined as hormonal
             contraceptives, intrauterine devices, surgical contraceptives, or condoms)

          -  Subjects who have uncontrolled infection are not eligible; patients must have any
             active infections under control; fungal disease must be stable for at least 2 weeks
             before study entry

          -  Subjects with bacteremia must have documented negative blood cultures prior to study
             entry