The primary aim of this study is to determine the progression-free survival (PFS) in each of
these HER2 populations. Secondary aims include overall response rate (ORR) and clinical
benefit rate (CBR) defined as the objective tumor decrease and stable disease by RECIST 1.1
criteria; toxicity and safety profile. Exploratory analysis will be performed to assess for
molecular predictors of response. The local site will make the primary determination of
response and progression based on all radiographic images (e.g., MRI, CT, PET, bone scan,
etc.) as well as other relevant reports documenting disease response or progression.
For patients identified as quadruple WT with prior cetuximab or panitumumab treatment, a
pre-entry blood sample will be required from consenting patients to confirm HER2
amplification for study eligibility.
Patients with quadruple WT, HER2 amplified with prior anti-EGRF therapy and/or HER2 mutated
colorectal cancer with/or without prior anti-EGRF therapy will receive concurrent therapy
with trastuzumab 4 mg/kg IV loading dose followed by 2 mg/kg IV weekly and neratinib 240 mg
taken by mouth daily until disease progression, (Arm 1).
Patients with quadruple WT, HER2 WT or HER2 amplified with no prior anti-EGRF therapy will be
assigned to receive concurrent therapy with cetuximab (400 mg/m2 IV loading dose followed by
250 mg/m2 IV weekly), and neratinib 240 mg taken by mouth daily until disease progression
(Arm 2).
Approximately thirty-five (35) patients will be accrued to this study; 15 patients with HER2
amplified, 15 patients with HER2 WT, and approximately 5 patients with HER2 mutated
colorectal cancer. Patients with HER2 WT or HER2 amplified mCRC who drop out of the study
before the first scan (for whatever reason) will be replaced. Patients who drop out of the
study after the first scan but before the second scan will be considered to have progressive
disease.
Toxicity will be graded according to the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology
Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0 (CTCAE v4.0).
Required blood and tissue samples will be collected at entry into the study. A tumor biopsy
will be procured from an accessible site of metastasis before study therapy is initiated
(after the patient has signed the consent form and has been screened for eligibility). Tissue
will be sent to Champions Oncology Laboratory for engraftment into an NOD/SCID mouse to
develop a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model, and to NSABP Pathology Division for
correlative science. Tissue samples from PDX models will be sent to Celcuity for functional
HER2 signaling assay. Additional blood samples will be collected during the course of
treatment.
Optional tumor and blood samples will be collected from consenting patients at the time of
disease progression.
Inclusion Criteria:
The tumor tissue must have been determined to be KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA (all RAS
quadruple) wild-type by CLIA testing.
The ECOG performance status must be 0, 1 or 2. Patients must have the ability to swallow
and retain oral medication. There must be documentation by CT scan, or MRI, that the
patient has evidence of measurable metastatic disease per RECIST 1.1 criteria.
Patients must have an accessible metastatic lesion for pretreatment core biopsy
procurement.
Unless either drug is medically contraindicated, patients must have received oxaliplatin
and irinotecan as part of standard chemotherapy regimens. (This includes adjuvant therapy.)
Specific patient eligibility for quadruple WT and HER2 status:
Arm 1:
HER2 amplified confirmed by CLIA testing performed on blood samples, and prior treatment
with cetuximab or panitumumab.
HER2 mutation confirmed by CLIA testing of tumor, and with or without prior treatment with
cetuximab or panitumumab.
Arm 2:
HER2 WT or HER2 amplified confirmed by CLIA testing of this tumor, and no prior therapy
with cetuximab or panitumumab.
Blood counts performed within 2 weeks prior to study entry must meet the following
criteria:
ANC must be greater than or equal to 1000/mm3. Platelet count must be greater than or equal
to 75,000/mm3. Hemoglobin must be greater than or equal to 8 g/dL.
Adequate hepatic function performed within 2 weeks prior to study entry must be met:
- Total bilirubin must be less than or equal to 1.5 x ULN (upper limit of normal) for
the lab unless the patient has a bilirubin elevation greater than 1.5 x ULN to 3 x ULN
due to Gilbert's disease or similar syndrome involving slow conjugation of bilirubin;
and
- Alkaline phosphatase must be less than or equal to 3 x ULN for the lab with the
following exception: for patients with documented liver metastases or bone involvement
alkaline phosphatase must be less than or equal to 5 x ULN; and
- AST and ALT must be less than or equal to 3 x ULN for the lab with the following
exception: for patients with documented liver metastases, AST and ALT must be less
than or equal to 5 x ULN.
Serum creatinine performed within 2 weeks prior to study entry must be less than or equal
to 1.5 x ULN for the lab.
Patients eligible for Arm 1 (neratinib + trastuzumab): Left ventricular ejection fraction
must be greater than or equal to 50% or within normal range for the institution (whichever
is lowest).
Female patients and male patients with female partners of reproductive potential must agree
to use an effective method of contraception during therapy and for at least 7 months after
the last dose of study therapy.
Exclusion Criteria:
Diagnosis of anal or small bowel carcinoma. Colorectal cancer histology other than
adenocarcinoma, e.g., sarcoma, lymphoma, carcinoid.
Previous therapy with any HER2 targeting agents (such as trastuzumab, lapatinib, neratinib,
etc.) for any malignancy.
Symptomatic brain metastases or brain metastases requiring chronic steroids to control
symptoms.
Active hepatitis B or hepatitis C with abnormal liver function tests. Malabsorption
syndrome, ulcerative colitis, inflammatory bowel disease, resection of the stomach or small
bowel, or other disease or condition significantly affecting gastrointestinal function.
Persistent CTCAE v4.0 greater than or equal to grade 2 diarrhea regardless of etiology.
CTCAE v4.0 grade 3 or 4 anorexia or nausea related to metastatic disease. CTCAE v4.0
greater than or equal to grade 2 vomiting related to metastatic disease.
Any of the following cardiac conditions: documented congestive heart failure; myocardial
infarction within 6 months prior to study entry; unstable angina within 6 months prior to
study entry; symptomatic arrhythmia.
Serious or non-healing wound, skin ulcer, or bone fracture. History of bleeding diathesis.
(Patients on stable anticoagulant therapy are eligible.) Symptomatic interstitial lung
disease or definitive evidence of interstitial lung disease described on CT scan, MRI, or
chest x-ray in asymptomatic patients; dyspnea at rest requiring current continuous oxygen
therapy.
Previous serious hypersensitivity reaction to monoclonal antibodies. (Determination of
"serious" hypersensitivity reaction is at the investigator's discretion.) Other
malignancies unless the patient is considered to be disease-free and has completed therapy
for the malignancy greater than or equal to 12 months prior to study entry. Patients with
the following cancers are eligible if diagnosed and treated within the past 12 months:
carcinoma in situ of the cervix, colorectal carcinoma in situ, melanoma in situ, and basal
cell and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin.
Psychiatric or addictive disorders or other conditions that, in the opinion of the
investigator, would preclude the patient from meeting the study requirements.
Pregnancy or lactation at the time of study entry. (Note: Pregnancy testing should be
performed within 14 days prior to study entry according to institutional standards for
women of childbearing potential.) Use of any investigational agent within 4 weeks prior to
study entry. Note: Use of agents known to be strong cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 inducers or
inhibitors, and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) should be avoided for the duration of study
therapy.
