Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Willing and able to provide written informed consent prior to study entry.

          -  Age ≥ 18 years.

          -  Histologically proven advanced non-squamous NSCLC (stage IIIB/IV) not treated with
             chemotherapy or immunotherapy - immunotherapy for uveal melanoma and prior
             (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy is permitted. Patients with EGFR mutant or ALK positive
             NSCLC must have had an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) or ALK inhibitor and
             progressed or been shown to be intolerant of therapy prior to enrolling in this trial.

          -  ASS1 deficiency defined as ≤50% ASS expression on tissue specimen by
             immunohistochemistry (IHC) (cytospin samples are acceptable) - assessed centrally. For
             patients previously treated with (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy, this specimen may have
             been obtained before that chemotherapy.

          -  Measurable disease as assessed by RECIST 1.1 i.e. at least one lesion, not previously
             irradiated, that can be measured accurately at baseline as ≥10 mm in the longest
             diameter (except lymph nodes which must have short axis ≥15 mm) with computed
             tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) which is suitable for accurate
             repeated measurements OR lytic or mixed (lytic + sclerotic) bone lesions in the
             absence of measurable disease as defined above; NOTE: patients with sclerotic /
             osteoblastic bone lesions only in the absence of measurable disease are not eligible)

          -  ECOG performance status of 0 - 1

          -  Fully recovered from any prior surgery and no major surgery within 4 weeks of
             initiating study treatment. Surgery for placement of vascular access devices is
             acceptable.

          -  Female patients of childbearing potential and their partners (if male) and male
             patients with female partners of childbearing potential and their partners must agree
             to use a highly effective form of contraception for the duration of the study and
             until 35 days after the final dose of ADI-PEG 20 or 180 days after the final dose of
             atezolizumab, pemetrexed or carboplatin, whichever is later.

          -  Negative serum or urine pregnancy test for female patients of childbearing potential
             within 14 days prior to cycle 1 day 1.

          -  Adequate normal organ, marrow and coagulation function within 28 days prior to cycle 1
             day 1

          -  Willing and able to comply with the protocol for the duration of the study including
             undergoing treatment, scheduled visits and examinations including follow up.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Radiotherapy (including for palliative reasons) or targeted therapywithin four weeks
             before study treatment.

          -  History of autoimmune disease

          -  Ongoing toxic manifestations of previous treatments.

          -  Symptomatic brain or spinal cord metastases (patients must be stable for > 3 months
             post radiotherapy or surgery).

          -  Major thoracic or abdominal surgery from which the patient has not yet recovered.

          -  Serious infection requiring treatment with intravenous antibiotics at the time of
             study entrance, or an infection requiring intravenous therapy within 7 days prior to
             the first dose of study treatment.

          -  Known to be serologically positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

          -  Known active hepatitis infection (defined as having a positive hepatitis B surface
             antigen [HBsAg] test at screening) or hepatitis C. Patients with past hepatitis B
             virus (HBV) infection or resolved HBV infection (defined as having a negative HBsAg
             test and a positive antibody to hepatitis B core antigen [anti-HBc] antibody test) are
             eligible. Patients positive for hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody are eligible only if
             polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is negative for HCV RNA.

          -  Uncontrolled serious intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or
             active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association
             Class III or IV), cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness, and social situations
             that would limit compliance with study requirements.

          -  Prior bone marrow transplant or have had extensive radiotherapy to greater than 25% of
             bone marrow within 8 weeks of study treatment.

          -  Ongoing therapeutic anticoagulation (prophylactic dose low molecular weight heparin is
             acceptable).

          -  Concurrent treatment with other experimental drugs or participation in another
             interventional clinical study with therapeutic intent within 28 days from cycle 1 day
             1. Participation in an observational or biomarker study would be acceptable, with
             prior Sponsor approval.

          -  Malignancies other than NSCLC within 5 years prior to study entry, with the exception
             of those with a negligible risk of metastasis or death and treated with expected
             curative outcome.

          -  Prior treatment with cluster of differentiation 137 (CD137) agonists,
             anti-cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (anti-CTLA4), anti-programmed death-1
             (anti-PD-1), or anti-PD-L1 therapeutic antibody or pathway-targeting agents.

          -  History of severe allergic, anaphylactic, or other hypersensitivity reactions to
             chimeric or humanised antibodies or fusion proteins.

          -  Known hypersensitivity or allergy to biopharmaceuticals produced in Chinese hamster
             ovary cells or to any component of the atezolizumab formulation.

          -  Prior allogeneic stem cell or solid organ transplantation.

          -  History of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (including pneumonitis), drug-induced
             pneumonitis, organizing pneumonia (i.e. bronchiolitis obliterans, cryptogenic
             organizing pneumonia), or evidence of active pneumonitis on screening chest
             computerised tomography (CT) scan. History of radiation pneumonitis in the radiation
             field (fibrosis) is permitted.

          -  Active tuberculosis.

          -  Receipt of a live, attenuated vaccine within 4 weeks prior to cycle 1 day 1 or
             anticipation that a live, attenuated vaccine will be required during atezolizumab
             treatment or within 5 months after the last dose of atezolizumab.

          -  Treatment with systemic immunostimulatory agents (including but not limited to
             interferons or interleukin [IL]-2) within 4 weeks or five half-lives of the drug
             (whichever is longer) prior to cycle 1 day 1.

          -  Treatment with systemic corticosteroids or other systemic immunosuppressive
             medications