Clinical Trials /

Rituximab and Ibrutinib (RI) Versus Dexamethasone, Rituximab and Cyclophosphamide (DRC) as Initial Therapy for Waldenström's Macroglobulinaemia

NCT04061512

Description:

Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia (WM) is a rare type of slow growing lymphoma. It develops when white blood cells grow abnormally. Typically a disease of the elderly, the median age of presentation is >70 years and the current treatment for WM is unsatisfactory, with incomplete responses and inevitable recurrence. Therefore there is a need to find alternative treatments that are more effective, leading to lasting responses and improved quality of life. The RAINBOW study is a phase 2-3 trial assessing 'chemotherapy free' treatment as primary therapy for WM which can potentially improve response outcome, durability and importantly, reduce toxicity for WM patients. This approach will be done using the drug Ibrutinib, which in combination with rituximab (RI) will be the experimental arm. As there is no agreed standard on first-line therapy for WM, the control arm is the current treatment based on the most recently published clinical trial results. The control arm consists of rituximab, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone (DCR), and is widely recommended by international consensus as appropriate treatment for first-line therapy for WM. In this study, 148 adults (aged ≥ 18 years) with treatment naïve WM will be randomised on a 1:1 ratio to either the treatment or control arm. Randomised treatment lasts for a maximum of 6 cycles and response will be assessed following 3 cycles of treatment and completion of randomised treatment at approximately 24 weeks after commencing treatment. RI patients may then have up to 5 years of Ibrutinib monotherapy. Patients will be seen regularly during treatment and then every 3 months for 5 years after treatment discontinuation. Patients will enter annual follow up for survival until the end of trial (including progressed patients). The study will be conducted at NHS hospitals and is expected to last 9 years and 6 months.

Related Conditions:
  • Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia
Recruiting Status:

Recruiting

Phase:

Phase 2/Phase 3

Trial Eligibility

Document

Title

  • Brief Title: Rituximab and Ibrutinib (RI) Versus Dexamethasone, Rituximab and Cyclophosphamide (DRC) as Initial Therapy for Waldenström's Macroglobulinaemia
  • Official Title: Randomised Phase II/III Study of Rituximab and Ibrutinib (RI) Versus Dexamethasone, Rituximab and Cyclophosphamide (DRC) as Initial Therapy for Waldenström's Macroglobulinaemia

Clinical Trial IDs

  • ORG STUDY ID: UCL/18/0438
  • NCT ID: NCT04061512

Conditions

  • Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia

Interventions

DrugSynonymsArms
Dexamethasone, cyclophosphamide, rituximabDRC Arm
Rituximab, ibrutinibRI Arm

Purpose

Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia (WM) is a rare type of slow growing lymphoma. It develops when white blood cells grow abnormally. Typically a disease of the elderly, the median age of presentation is >70 years and the current treatment for WM is unsatisfactory, with incomplete responses and inevitable recurrence. Therefore there is a need to find alternative treatments that are more effective, leading to lasting responses and improved quality of life. The RAINBOW study is a phase 2-3 trial assessing 'chemotherapy free' treatment as primary therapy for WM which can potentially improve response outcome, durability and importantly, reduce toxicity for WM patients. This approach will be done using the drug Ibrutinib, which in combination with rituximab (RI) will be the experimental arm. As there is no agreed standard on first-line therapy for WM, the control arm is the current treatment based on the most recently published clinical trial results. The control arm consists of rituximab, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone (DCR), and is widely recommended by international consensus as appropriate treatment for first-line therapy for WM. In this study, 148 adults (aged ≥ 18 years) with treatment naïve WM will be randomised on a 1:1 ratio to either the treatment or control arm. Randomised treatment lasts for a maximum of 6 cycles and response will be assessed following 3 cycles of treatment and completion of randomised treatment at approximately 24 weeks after commencing treatment. RI patients may then have up to 5 years of Ibrutinib monotherapy. Patients will be seen regularly during treatment and then every 3 months for 5 years after treatment discontinuation. Patients will enter annual follow up for survival until the end of trial (including progressed patients). The study will be conducted at NHS hospitals and is expected to last 9 years and 6 months.

Trial Arms

NameTypeDescriptionInterventions
DRC ArmActive ComparatorThe DRC arm (chemotherapy) is the control arm and consists of rituximab, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone. It is widely recommended by international consensus as appropriate treatment for first-line therapy for WM.
  • Dexamethasone, cyclophosphamide, rituximab
RI ArmExperimentalThe RI arm (chemotherapy free) arm will be using the drug ibrutinib, which in combination with rituximab (RI) will be the experimental arm.
  • Rituximab, ibrutinib

Eligibility Criteria

        Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Patients ≥ 18 years

          2. Confirmed diagnosis of WM (according to consensus panel / WHO criteria) with
             measurable IgM paraprotein

          3. Previously untreated disease at any stage requiring therapy at the discretion of the
             treating physician. Suggested criteria for initiating treatment include:

               -  haematological suppression to Hb <10g/dl, or neutrophils <1.5x109/l or platelets
                  <150x109/l

               -  clinical evidence of hyperviscosity

               -  bulky lymphadenopathy and/or bulky splenomegaly

               -  presence of B symptoms

          4. No previous chemotherapy (prior plasma exchange and steroids are permissible)

          5. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status grade 0 - 2

          6. Life expectancy of greater than 6 months

          7. Written informed consent

          8. Willing to comply with the contraceptive requirements of the trial

          9. Negative serum or urine pregnancy test for women of childbearing potential (WOCBP)

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Prior therapy for WM

          2. Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma with no detectable serum IgM paraprotein

          3. CNS involvement with WM

          4. Autoimmune cytopenias

          5. Major surgery within 4 weeks prior to randomisation

          6. Clinically significant cardiac disease including the following:

               -  Myocardial infarction within 6 months prior to randomisation

               -  Unstable angina within 3 months prior to randomisation

               -  New York Heart Association class III or IV congestive heart failure

               -  History of clinically significant arrhythmias (e.g. sustained ventricular
                  tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, torsades de pointes)

               -  QTcF > 480 msecs based on Fredericia's formula or Bazette's formula

               -  History of Mobitz II second degree or third degree heart block without a
                  permanent pacemaker in place

               -  Uncontrolled hypertension as indicated by a minimum of 2 consecutive blood
                  pressure measurements showing systolic blood pressure > 170 mmHg and diastolic
                  blood pressure > 105 mm Hg

               -  Cardiac event within 6 months of screening (e.g. coronary artery stent) requiring
                  dual antiplatelet treatment

          7. History of stroke or intracranial haemorrhage within 6 months prior to randomisation

          8. Requires anticoagulation with warfarin or equivalent vitamin K antagonists (direct
             oral anticoagulants (DOACs) allowed)

          9. History of severe bleeding disorders considered not to be disease related (Haemophilia
             A, B or von Willebrand's disease)

         10. Requires ongoing treatment with a strong CYP3A inhibitor or inducer

         11. Known infection with HIV, or serologic status reflecting active hepatitis B or C
             infection as follows:

               -  Presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). In addition, if negative for
                  HBsAg but HBcAb positive (regardless of HBsAb status), a HB DNA test will be
                  performed and if positive the patient will be excluded

               -  Presence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody. Patients with presence of HCV
                  antibody are eligible if HCV RNA is undetectable

         12. Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding or males expecting to conceive or father
             children at any point from the start of treatment until the end of the "at risk
             period"

         13. Renal failure (creatinine clearance <30 ml/min as estimated by the Cockroft-Gault
             equation)

         14. Patients with chronic liver disease with hepatic impairment Child-Pugh class B or C

         15. Known history of anaphylaxis following exposure to rat or mouse derived CDR-grafted
             humanised monoclonal antibodies.

         16. Inability to swallow oral medication

         17. Disease significantly affecting gastrointestinal function and/or inhibiting small
             intestine absorption (e.g. malabsorption syndrome, resection of the small bowel,
             poorly controlled inflammatory bowel disease)

         18. Active systemic infection requiring treatment

         19. Concomitant treatment with another investigational agent

         20. Any life-threatening illness, medical condition, organ system dysfunction, need for
             profound anticoagulation, or bleeding disorder, which, in the investigator's opinion,
             could compromise the patient's safety, or put the study at risk

         21. Unwilling or unable to take PCP prophylaxis (e.g. cotrimoxazole)

         22. History of prior malignancy, with the exception of the following:

               -  Malignancy treated with curative intent and with no evidence of active disease
                  present for more than 3 years prior to screening and felt to be at low risk for
                  recurrence by treating physician

               -  Adequately treated non-melanomatous skin cancer or lentigo maligna melanoma,
                  superficial bladder cancer, carcinoma in situ of the cervix or breast or
                  localized Gleason score 6 prostate cancer without current evidence of disease.
      
Maximum Eligible Age:N/A
Minimum Eligible Age:18 Years
Eligible Gender:All
Healthy Volunteers:No

Primary Outcome Measures

Measure:Percentage of patients achieving a preliminary efficacy (response) of the 'chemotherapy free' combination of rituximab and ibrutinib (RI) as primary therapy for WM.
Time Frame:Overall response rate at week 24
Safety Issue:
Description:

Secondary Outcome Measures

Measure:Safety and tolerability of RI compared to DRC assessed by the frequency of serious and non-serious adverse events according to CTCAE v5.0
Time Frame:until 30 calendar days post last IMP administration
Safety Issue:
Description:
Measure:Overall response rate (defined as complete response [CR], very good partial response [VGPR], partial response [PR] and minor response [MR]) of RI compared to DRC (at end of randomised treatment and best response over any time point)
Time Frame:through study completion, an average of 2 years.
Safety Issue:
Description:
Measure:Time to next treatment
Time Frame:through study completion, an average of 2 years.
Safety Issue:
Description:
Measure:Duration of response of RI compared to DRC
Time Frame:through study completion, an average of 2 years.
Safety Issue:
Description:(responding patients only)
Measure:Overall survival (OS) of patients treated with RI compared to DRC
Time Frame:date of randomisation until the date of death (of any cause)
Safety Issue:
Description:
Measure:Quality of Life:EQ-5D-5L questionnaire
Time Frame:1 year and 2 years after completion of randomised treatment against the baseline quality of life score
Safety Issue:
Description:Change in quality of life (QoL) responses in each arm assessed by EQ-5D-5L questionnaire

Details

Phase:Phase 2/Phase 3
Primary Purpose:Interventional
Overall Status:Recruiting
Lead Sponsor:University College, London

Last Updated

December 17, 2020