Pritumumab is a human IgG1 kappa antibody that binds to a malignant tumor associated antigen,
ecto domain-vimentin (EDV) which is expressed in a variety of tumor cells. Pritumumab was
shown to have relatively high reactivity with brain cancer cell lines, while no reactivity
was demonstrated with normal neurons, astrocytes or fetal cerebral cells. Pritumumab has
notable antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), brain tumor penetration and
antitumor activity in nude mouse human xenograft models.
Primary Objectives
- To determine the safety and/or tolerability and the recommended Phase 2 dose (RP2D) of
escalating, intravenously (IV) administered Pritumumab doses in patients with recurrent
gliomas or with brain metastases.
Secondary Objectives
- To determine pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of Pritumumab
- To identify preliminary signals of anti-tumor response to Pritumumab
- To explore disease-related, patient-reported outcomes
This is an open-label, Phase 1, outpatient, dose escalation study of Pritumumab in patients
with brain cancer who have failed prior therapy and have no other available options. In the
first part of the study, escalating doses of Pritumumab of 1.6, 4.8, 8.0, 12.0, and 16.2
mg/kg will be administered in a sequential, safety-driven manner to eligible patients
according to standard 3+3 scheme, as an 1-hour IV infusion on Days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of each
28-day treatment cycle. The dose levels may be modified upon obtained results. Once the
maximum tolerated dose (MTD) is determined, an expansion cohort including 6-12 patients in
selected tumor type at a dose equal or below to MTD is planned to determine the recommended
Phase 2 dose (RP2D). A total of 42 patients may be administered with Pritumumab in this
study.
Patients will be treated with Pritumumab for a maximum of 6 cycles or until cancer
progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients will be followed after treatment completion
every four months or until death or lost to follow-up. Standard clinical, laboratory and
functional assessments will be employed to monitor for safety, tolerability and tumor
response, including blood sampling for clinical biochemistries, pharmacokinetics, CSF and
tissue samples, at frequency specified by the protocol. Patient-reported outcomes will also
be assessed.
Inclusion Criteria Subjects must meet all of the inclusion criteria to participate in this
study.
1. Ability to understand and the willingness to provide informed consent.
2. Diagnosis
Histologically confirmed diagnosis of brain cancer:
- glioblastoma (GBM),
- anaplastic astrocytoma (AA),
- anaplastic oligodendroglioma (AO),
- anaplastic mixed oligoastrocytoma (AMO),
- low grade gliomas,
- brain metastases,
- meningiomas, chordomas, medulloblastoma, craniopharyngiomas, pituitary tumors or
- leptomeningeal metastases
3. Prior Therapy Has failed prior standard therapy including maximal safe surgical
resection, radiation therapy (when appropriate for the specific cancer type), or
systemic therapy or is intolerant of, or has refused other available therapies, but is
still in need of therapy. No patients may receive Pritumumab prior to any surgery for
their cerebral tumor
4. Progression/Recurrence Has progression of brain cancer and measurable disease by
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scan.
For leptomeningeal metastases, positive cytology is acceptable if imaging is not
measurable.
5. Age Age ≥ 18 years.
6. Performance Status Karnofsky Performance Status ≥ 60% (see Appendix A). Subjects must
have a life expectancy of equal to or greater than 8 weeks.
7. Organ and Marrow Function Requirements
Hematology:
- Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) ≥ 1.5 x 109/L
- Platelet count ≥ 100 x 109/L
- Hemoglobin ≥ 9.0 g/dL
- White blood cell (WBC) count ≥ 3.0 x 109/L
Biochemistry:
- AST/SGOT and ALT/SGPT ≤ 5 x institution's ULN
- Total bilirubin ≤ 3 x institution's ULN
- Serum creatinine ≤ 2 x institution's ULN or 24-hour creatinine clearance ≥ 50
mL/min
- Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) ≤ 3 x ULN unless considered tumor related
- Estimated GFR > 50 mL/min
Coagulation:
- INR ≤ 1.4
- PT/aPTT ≤ 1.2 x institution's ULN
8. Contraception All fertile females and any man with a partner of child-bearing
potential agrees to use adequate contraception which will include two of the
following: hormonal or barrier method of birth control, or abstinence prior to study
entry, for the duration of study participation, and for 30 days following completion
of therapy.
9. Although Pritumumab shows notable immunohistologic reactivity against active
endometrial tissues, fertile female patients will be included in this study.
Exclusion Criteria Subjects meeting any of the exclusion criteria at baseline will be
excluded from study participation.
1. Current or anticipated use of other investigational agents.
2. Insufficient time for recovery from prior therapy:
- less than 28 days from any prior cytotoxic investigational agent,
- less than 14 days from any prior non-cytotoxic investigational agent,
- less than 28 days from prior cytotoxic therapy (except 23 days from prior
temozolomide at 5 day regimen and 14 days from prior temozolomide at daily
regimen, 14 days from vincristine, 42 days from nitrosoureas, 21 days from
procarbazine administration),
- less than 7 days for non-cytotoxic agents, e.g., interferon, tamoxifen,
thalidomide, cis-retinoic acid, targeted therapies (radiosensitizer does not
count),
- less than 7 days for immunotherapy agents, e.g., DCVax, Celldex, PD1, etc.
3. Less than 3 weeks from surgery or insufficient recovery from surgical-related trauma
or wound healing.
4. History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic
composition to Pritumumab plus any patently atopic patients who have a history of
having experienced an episode of allergic anaphylaxis.
5. Severe or uncontrolled medical disorder that would, in the investigator's opinion,
impair ability to receive study treatment (i.e., uncontrolled diabetes, chronic renal
disease, chronic pulmonary disease or active, uncontrolled infection).
6. Known diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
7. Impaired cardiac function including any of the following:
- Congenital long QT syndrome or a known family history of long QT syndrome;
- History or presence of clinically significant ventricular or atrial
tachyarrhythmias
- Clinically significant resting bradycardia (< 50 beats per minute)
- Inability to monitor the QT interval by ECG
- QTc > 450 msec on baseline ECG. If QTc > 450 and electrolytes are not within
normal ranges, electrolytes should be corrected and then the patient re-screened
for QTc
- Myocardial infarction within 1 year of starting study drug
- Other clinically significant heart disease (e.g., unstable angina, congestive
heart failure, or uncontrolled hypertension)
8. Any female patients who develop serious uterine hemorrhage during this study may need
to be excluded from further treatment with Pritumumab.