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gemcitabine

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Overview

Generic Name(s):
gemcitabine
Trade Name(s):
Gemzar
NCI Definition [1]:
A broad-spectrum antimetabolite and deoxycytidine analogue with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, gemcitabine is converted into the active metabolites difluorodeoxycytidine diphosphate (dFdCDP) and difluorodeoxycytidine triphosphate (dFdCTP) by deoxycytidine kinase. dFdCTP competes with deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) and is incorporated into DNA. This locks DNA polymerase thereby resulting in "masked termination" during DNA replication. On the other hand, dFdCDP inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, thereby decreasing the deoxynucleotide pool available for DNA synthesis. The reduction in the intracellular concentration of dCTP potentiates the incorporation of dFdCTP into DNA.

Clinical Trials

View Clinical Trials for gemcitabine

Gemcitabine has been investigated in 258 clinical trials, of which 220 are open and 38 are closed. Of the trials investigating gemcitabine, 2 are early phase 1 (2 open), 52 are phase 1 (37 open), 53 are phase 1/phase 2 (46 open), 95 are phase 2 (82 open), 10 are phase 2/phase 3 (10 open), 45 are phase 3 (42 open), and 1 is no phase specified (1 open).

HER2 Deficient Expression, HER2 Negative, and ER Negative are the most frequent biomarker inclusion criteria for gemcitabine clinical trials.

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma, breast carcinoma, and urothelial carcinoma are the most common diseases being investigated in gemcitabine clinical trials [2].

Top Biomarker Inclusion Criteria for Open Clinical Trials Investigating Gemcitabine
Top Biomarker Inclusion Criteria for Closed Clinical Trials Investigating Gemcitabine
This graph displays the 20 most frequently occurring biomarkers curated on clinical trials investigating gemcitabine and the cancer types associated with these biomarkers. These numbers are derived from a set of 5,956 clinical trials for which biomarker status defines treatment.

Drug Details

Synonyms [2]:
Gemzar, 2',2'-difluorodeoxycytidine, dfdcyd, 2'-deoxy-2',2'-difluorocytidine, 2'deoxy-2',2'-difluorocytidine, 613327, gemcitabine, 2',2'-difluoro-2'-deoxycytidine, gemcitabine (product), 2',2'-difluorodeoxycytidine, difluorodeoxycytidine, gemcitabinum, gemcitabine [chemical/ingredient], gemcitabine (substance), 47762, dfdc, 2'-deoxy-2'-difluorocytidine, 2',2'-dfdc, 4-amino-1-((2r,4r,5r)-3,3-difluoro-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)pyrimidin-2(1h)-one, gemcitabine, gemcitabina, 2,2 difluorodexoycytidine, 1-(2-oxo-4-amino-1,2-dihydropyrimidin-1-yl)-2-deoxy-2,2-difluororibose, gemcitabin, 103882-84-4
Drug Categories [2]:
Antimetabolites
Drug Target(s) [2]:
RRM1
NCIT ID [1]:
C66876
SNOMED ID [1]:
F-61B2E

References

1. National Cancer Institute. NCI Thesaurus Version 18.11d. https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/. [2018-07-30] [2018-08-02].

2. All assertions and clinical trial landscape data are curated from primary sources. You can read more about the curation process here.