Overview

NCI Definition: A primary melanoma arising from atypical melanocytes in the skin. Precursor lesions include acquired and congenital melanocytic nevi, and dysplastic nevi. Several histologic variants have been recognized, including superficial spreading melanoma, acral lentiginous melanoma, nodular melanoma, and lentigo maligna melanoma. [1]

Cutaneous melanomas most frequently harbor alterations in BRAF, CDKN2A, NRAS, TP53, and NF1 [2].

Most Commonly Altered Genes in Cutaneous Melanoma

BRAF Mutation, BRAF Exon 15 Mutation, BRAF Codon 600 Missense, BRAF V600E, and NRAS Mutation are the most common alterations in cutaneous melanoma [2].

Top Alterations in Cutaneous Melanoma

Significant Genes in Cutaneous Melanoma

ARAF +

BRAF +

CRKL +

GNA11 +

GNAQ +

HRAS +

KRAS +

MAP2K1 +

MAP2K2 +

MAP2K4 +

MAP3K1 +

MAPK1 +

NF1 +

NRAS +

PRKCA +

PRKCB +

PRKCD +

PRKCE +

PRKCG +

PRKCI +

PRKCQ +

PRKCZ +

RAF1 +

SRC +

Disease Details

Synonyms
Malignant Melanoma of Skin, Skin Melanoma, Melanoma of the Skin, Malignant Melanoma (of Skin), Stage Unspecified, Melanoma of Skin, Malignant Cutaneous Melanoma, Skin, Melanoma, Malignant Melanoma of Skin Stage Unspecified
Parent(s)
Melanoma
Children
Nodular Melanoma, Desmoplastic Melanoma, Spitzoid Melanoma, Acral Lentiginous Melanoma, Balloon Cell Melanoma, Amelanotic Skin Melanoma, Lentigo Maligna Melanoma, and Scrotal Melanoma
OncoTree Name
Cutaneous Melanoma
OncoTree Code
SKCM

References

1. National Cancer Institute. NCI Thesaurus Version 18.11d. https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ [2018-08-28]. [2018-09-21].

2. The AACR Project GENIE Consortium. AACR Project GENIE: powering precision medicine through an international consortium. Cancer Discovery. 2017;7(8):818-831. Dataset Version 8. This dataset does not represent the totality of the genetic landscape; see paper for more information.

3. All assertions and clinical trial landscape data are curated from primary sources. You can read more about the curation process here.