Associated Genetic Biomarkers
Associated Diseases
Associated Pathways

Overview

Location [1]
7q34
Pathways
Kinase fusions, MAP kinase signaling
Protein [2]
Serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf
Synonyms [1]
B-raf, B-RAF1, NS7, BRAF1, RAFB1

BRAF (B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase) is a gene that encodes the protein serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf. BRAF is involved in many cellular processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and transcriptional regulation. Mutant BRAF has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several cancers, including melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer, papillary thyroid cancer, and ovarian cancer (PMID: 12068308).

BRAF is altered in 6.01% of all cancers with colon adenocarcinoma, cutaneous melanoma, lung adenocarcinoma, melanoma, and thyroid gland papillary carcinoma having the greatest prevalence of alterations [3].

BRAF GENIE Cases - Top Diseases

The most common alterations in BRAF are BRAF Mutation (5.50%), BRAF Exon 15 Mutation (4.02%), BRAF Codon 600 Missense (3.21%), BRAF V600E (3.05%), and BRAF Fusion (0.47%) [3].

BRAF GENIE Cases - Top Alterations

Biomarker-Directed Therapies

Significance of BRAF in Diseases

Melanoma +

Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma +

Colorectal Carcinoma +

Thyroid Gland Papillary Carcinoma +

Thyroid Gland Undifferentiated (Anaplastic) Carcinoma +

Hairy Cell Leukemia +

Cholangiocarcinoma +

Thyroid Gland Follicular Carcinoma +

Pilocytic Astrocytoma +

Ganglioglioma +

Erdheim-Chester Disease +

Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma +

Mature B-Cell Lymphoma/Leukemia +

Malignant Solid Tumor +

Cutaneous Melanoma +

Glioma +

Multiple Myeloma +

Breast Carcinoma +

Pancreatic Carcinoma +

Low Grade Glioma +

Cancer +

Ovarian Carcinoma +

Melanoma Of Unknown Primary +

Thyroid Gland Carcinoma +

Colorectal Adenocarcinoma +

Gastric Carcinoma +

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma +

Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Gland Carcinoma +

Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma +

Head And Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma +

Thyroid Gland Adenocarcinoma +

Urothelial Carcinoma +

Bladder Carcinoma +

Malignant Glioma +

Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma +

Lymphoma +

Head And Neck Carcinoma +

Adenocarcinoma Of The Gastroesophageal Junction +

Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma +

Esophageal Carcinoma +

Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor +

Renal Cell Carcinoma +

Anaplastic Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma +

Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis +

Histiocytic And Dendritic Cell Neoplasm +

Colon Carcinoma +

Mucosal Melanoma +

Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma +

Lung Carcinoma +

Small Cell Lung Carcinoma +

Hepatocellular Carcinoma +

Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma +

Cervical Carcinoma +

Malignant Salivary Gland Neoplasm +

Germ Cell Tumor +

Soft Tissue Sarcoma +

Acute Myeloid Leukemia +

Myelodysplastic Syndromes +

Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia +

Papillary Craniopharyngioma +

Low-Grade Neuroepithelial Tumor, NOS +

Anaplastic Ganglioglioma +

Neuronal And Mixed Neuronal-Glial Tumors +

Pilomyxoid Astrocytoma +

Histiocytic Sarcoma +

Small Intestinal Adenocarcinoma +

Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumor +

Colon Adenocarcinoma +

Solid Neoplasm +

Skin Squamous Cell Carcinoma +

Malignant Central Nervous System Neoplasm +

Endometrial Carcinoma +

Bile Duct Carcinoma +

Astrocytic Tumor +

Primary Brain Neoplasm +

Rectal Carcinoma +

Biliary Tract Carcinoma +

Malignant Hepatobiliary Neoplasm +

Hepatobiliary Neoplasm +

Glioblastoma +

Malignant Uterine Neoplasm +

Diffuse Glioma +

Neuroblastoma +

Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor +

Thymic Carcinoma +

Malignant Female Reproductive System Neoplasm +

B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma +

Gallbladder Carcinoma +

Gastric Adenocarcinoma +

Merkel Cell Carcinoma +

Prostate Carcinoma +

Squamous Cell Carcinoma +

Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma +

Nasal Cavity And Paranasal Sinus Carcinoma +

Lip And Oral Cavity Carcinoma +

Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma +

Oropharyngeal Carcinoma +

Ameloblastoma +

Bronchogenic Carcinoma +

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia +

Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma +

Gangliocytoma +

Histiocytosis +

Hodgkin Lymphoma +

Juvenile Xanthogranuloma +

Malignant Laryngeal Neoplasm +

Metastatic Malignant Neoplasm In The Brain +

Neurofibroma +

Neurofibromatosis Type 1 +

Optic Nerve Glioma +

Rhabdoid Tumor +

Schwannoma +

Splenic Diffuse Red Pulp Small B-Cell Lymphoma +

Thyroid Gland Squamous Cell Carcinoma +

References

1. Hart R and Prlic A. Universal Transcript Archive Repository. Version uta_20180821. San Francisco CA: Github;2015. https://github.com/biocommons/uta

2. The UniProt Consortium. UniProt: a worldwide hub of protein knowledge. Nucleic Acids Research. 2019;47:D506-D515.

3. The AACR Project GENIE Consortium. AACR Project GENIE: powering precision medicine through an international consortium. Cancer Discovery. 2017;7(8):818-831. Dataset Version 8. This dataset does not represent the totality of the genetic landscape; see paper for more information.

4. All assertions and clinical trial landscape data are curated from primary sources. You can read more about the curation process here.