Associated Genetic Biomarkers
Associated Diseases
Associated Pathways

Overview

Location [1]
2p23.2-p23.1
Pathways
Kinase fusions, Receptor tyrosine kinase/growth factor signaling
Protein [2]
ALK tyrosine kinase receptor
Synonyms [1]
CD246, NBLST3

ALK (anaplastic lymphoma receptor tyrosine kinase) encodes for the ALK tyrosine kinase receptor protein. ALK missense mutations, fusions, copy number gains, and/or protein expression aberrations are observed in neuroblastoma, anaplastic large cell lymphoma, colorectal cancer, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, non-small cell lung cancer, ovarian cancer, renal cell carcinoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and other cancer types (PMID: 24715763; PMID: 22570254; PMID: 21076462; PMID: 22743654). Activation of ALK contributes to cell growth, proliferation, survival, and migration (PMID: 22585002).

ALK is altered in 3.33% of all cancers with lung adenocarcinoma, colon adenocarcinoma, breast invasive ductal carcinoma, cutaneous melanoma, and endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma having the greatest prevalence of alterations [3].

ALK GENIE Cases - Top Diseases

The most common alterations in ALK are ALK Mutation (2.81%), ALK Missense (2.63%), ALK Fusion (0.53%), ALK-EML4 Fusion (0.21%), and ALK Amplification (0.10%) [3].

ALK GENIE Cases - Top Alterations

Biomarker-Directed Therapies

Significance of ALK in Diseases

Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma +

Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma +

Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor +

Malignant Solid Tumor +

Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma +

ALK-Positive Large B-Cell Lymphoma +

T-Cell/Histiocyte-Rich Large B-Cell Lymphoma +

Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified +

High Grade B-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified +

Melanoma +

EBV-Positive Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified +

Transformed Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma +

Cancer +

B-Cell Lymphoma, Unclassifiable, With Features Intermediate Between Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma And Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma +

Double-Hit Lymphoma +

Grade 3b Follicular Lymphoma +

Primary Cutaneous Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, Leg Type +

Colorectal Carcinoma +

Breast Carcinoma +

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma +

B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma +

Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Associated With Chronic Inflammation +

HHV8-Positive Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified +

Intravascular Large B-Cell Lymphoma +

Triple-Hit Lymphoma +

Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, ALK-Positive +

Neuroblastoma +

Bladder Carcinoma +

Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma +

Lymphoma +

Pancreatic Carcinoma +

Mantle Cell Lymphoma +

High Grade B-Cell Lymphoma With MYC And BCL2 And/Or BCL6 Rearrangements +

Mediastinal Large B-Cell Lymphoma +

Burkitt Lymphoma +

Lung Carcinoma +

Head And Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma +

Adenocarcinoma Of The Gastroesophageal Junction +

Head And Neck Carcinoma +

Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified +

Hepatocellular Carcinoma +

Prostate Carcinoma +

Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma +

Follicular Lymphoma +

Soft Tissue Sarcoma +

Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma +

Enteropathy-Associated T-Cell Lymphoma +

Germinal Center B-Cell-Like Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma +

Hepatosplenic T-Cell Lymphoma +

Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis +

Plasmablastic Lymphoma +

Primary Mediastinal B-Cell Lymphoma +

Mycosis Fungoides +

Endometrial Carcinoma +

Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma +

Malignant Uterine Neoplasm +

Urothelial Carcinoma +

Small Intestinal Carcinoma +

Esophageal Carcinoma +

Mature T-Cell And NK-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma +

Glioblastoma +

High Grade Ovarian Serous Adenocarcinoma +

Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma +

Malignant Central Nervous System Neoplasm +

Central Nervous System Neoplasm +

Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma +

Gastric Adenocarcinoma +

Ovarian Carcinoma +

Gastric Carcinoma +

Thyroid Gland Undifferentiated (Anaplastic) Carcinoma +

Cervical Carcinoma +

Mucosal Melanoma +

Bile Duct Carcinoma +

Cholangiocarcinoma +

Renal Cell Carcinoma +

Malignant Salivary Gland Neoplasm +

Mature B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma +

Biliary Tract Carcinoma +

Thyroid Gland Carcinoma +

Multiple Myeloma +

Gallbladder Carcinoma +

Mesothelioma +

Histiocytic And Dendritic Cell Neoplasm +

Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, ALK-Negative +

Atypical Burkitt/Burkitt-Like Lymphoma +

Bronchogenic Carcinoma +

Central Nervous System Lymphoma +

Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Activated B-Cell Type +

EBV-Positive Mucocutaneous Ulcer +

Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma Of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue +

Follicular T-Cell Lymphoma +

Hodgkin Lymphoma +

Indolent T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder Of The Gastrointestinal Tract +

Large B-Cell Lymphoma With IRF4 Rearrangement +

Lymphoblastic Lymphoma +

Mature B-Cell Lymphoma/Leukemia +

Mature T-Cell And NK-Cell Lymphoma/Leukemia +

Monomorphic Epitheliotropic Intestinal T-Cell Lymphoma +

Nasal Type Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma +

Nodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma +

Nodal Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma With TFH Phenotype +

Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma +

Primary Effusion Lymphoma +

Richter Syndrome +

Sezary Syndrome +

Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma +

Subcutaneous Panniculitis-Like T-Cell Lymphoma +

Systemic EBV-Positive T-Cell Lymphoma Of Childhood +

References

1. Hart R and Prlic A. Universal Transcript Archive Repository. Version uta_20180821. San Francisco CA: Github;2015. https://github.com/biocommons/uta

2. The UniProt Consortium. UniProt: a worldwide hub of protein knowledge. Nucleic Acids Research. 2019;47:D506-D515.

3. The AACR Project GENIE Consortium. AACR Project GENIE: powering precision medicine through an international consortium. Cancer Discovery. 2017;7(8):818-831. Dataset Version 8. This dataset does not represent the totality of the genetic landscape; see paper for more information.

4. All assertions and clinical trial landscape data are curated from primary sources. You can read more about the curation process here.